The COVID-19 pandemic changed the way we lived and interacted with each other in the last year. We wear masks and practice social distancing. We have seen both vulnerable populations and healthy people affected by the novel coronavirus. Fortunately, we are starting to see the light at the end of the tunnel as more people are vaccinated and we approach herd immunity. After expedited research and review, the Pfizer and Moderna vaccines are authorized by the FDA. Richmond’s very own Clinical Research Partners is participating in a large study for the Astra-Zeneca COVID-19 vaccine. The Johnson & Johnson vaccine was recently paused by the FDA due to reports of blood clots, which are thought to be very rare, but require further investigation.
Both the Pfizer and Moderna vaccines are mRNA based. Though mRNA technology has existed for years, these are the first vaccines to utilize it. Both vaccines are a series of two injections given intramuscularly. Both vaccines cite about 95% efficacy at preventing symptomatic Covid-19 infection after two doses. Johnson & Johnson’s vaccine is a single injection. Side effects of the vaccines can range from mild arm pain to fever, chills, and fatigue. Anaphylaxis has been reported after these vaccinations. According to the CDC, as of December 23, 2020, about 11.1 cases of anaphylaxis have occurred per 1 million doses of vaccine given. Most of these allergic reactions were experienced by recipients with a history of anaphylaxis. The main allergen in the mRNA vaccines is polyethylene glycol, which is the main ingredient in Miralax. The Johnson & Johnson contains polysorbate, which is similar to polyethylene glycol. It is important to note that allergies to pollens, bee stings, and foods do not mean you shouldn’t receive the COVID-19 vaccine. If you have a history of allergic reaction to vaccines or injectable medications, a consultation with your allergist to discuss the plan for the COVID-19 vaccine is recommended. Your allergist can discuss the risks and benefits of the vaccine while taking in to account your specific medical history.
The American Academy of Allergy, Asthma, and Immunology (AAAAI) is following the reports of allergic reactions carefully. Allergists in the community and in academic centers are sharing information so that we are all up to date on the latest recommendations regarding the COVID-19 vaccines. Dr. von Elten received both doses of the Moderna vaccine to keep those around her safe as she continues to care for her allergy and asthma patients. Having an informed risk/benefit discussion with your doctor will help you make the best decision for your health.
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